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Netstat

Netstat is a utility for gathering network statistics. It comes preinstalled on most systems.

If missing, here’s how to install.

# Redhat, CentOS
yum install net-tools
# Debian, Ubuntu, Mint
apt install net-tools
# SLES, SUSE
zypper install net-tools

Here are some common and useful commands.

# show version
netstat -v
# show routing table
netstat -nr
# show network interface statistics
netstat -ai
# show network connections
netstat -ant
# show network services
netstat -pnltu

List Available PHP Modules

Here’s how to list the available PHP modules.

apt-cache search php- | less

To get details about a module.

apt-cache show php-curl

To install a module.

apt install php-curl

Or install all modules.

apt install php*

Restart Apache after each install.

systemctl restart apache2

Wheel Group

Here’s an alternate way to give Linux users sudo access by adding them to the wheel group. Most Linux systems come with the wheel group already predefined. By adding users to the wheel group, they now have the ability to sudo and run root commands. The wheel group is in the sudoers file for Redhat, Centos, Debian and Ubuntu.

usermod -aG wheel username