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WordPress Read Only

Here’s how to create a WordPress site that’s read only. You will not be able to create, update and delete posts.

  1. Login to MySQL or MariaDB.
  2. Choose mysql database.
  3. Create a new user called ‘wpro’ for WordPress read only.
  4. Grant select permissions to all tables in ‘wordpress’ database.
  5. Flush privileges to commit your changes.
mariadb -u root -p
use mysql;
create user 'wpro'@'localhost' identified by 'yourpassword';
grant select on wordpress.* to 'wpro'@'localhost';
flush privileges;

In MySQL or MariaDB, you have to terminate all commands with a semicolon.

Now edit your WordPress wp-config.php file. vim /var/www/wordpress/wp-config.php.

/** MySQL database username */
define('DB_USER', 'wpro');
 
/** MySQL database password */
define('DB_PASSWORD', 'yourpassword');

After saving the wp-config.php file, everything should work just like before, except that you will not be able to save, publish or delete posts, pages, or add or delete media files to your WordPress site. It’s working as intended.

Copy A Symbolic Link

Here’s how to copy a symbolic link which is also known as a soft link from one directory to another. A regular copy command will not work. You will need to use the -P option to copy the symbolic link from one directory to another. If omitted, the symbolic links will not be copied.

cp -P /directory1/* /directory2/

How to create a symbolic link.

ln -s sourcefile myfile
ln -s /path/to/file myfile

Here are the man pages for ln and for cp.

Check Network Promiscuous Mode

Promiscuous mode is a mode for a network interface where the controller to passes all traffic it receives to the CPU instead of passing the frames to the controller. This is helpful if you want to capture all traffic as part of troubleshooting. The question is, how can you tell if your network interface is in a promiscuous mode? Here’s a couple of commands.

Here’s the default mode.

sudo ip link show eth0
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1460 qdisc mq state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
link/ether xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

Here’s promiscuous mode. Look for PROMISC.

sudo ip link show eth0
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,PROMISC,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1460 qdisc mq state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
link/ether xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

The other command is netstat. Look for P flag.

netstat -i
Kernel Interface table
Iface             MTU    RX-OK RX-ERR RX-DRP RX-OVR    TX-OK TX-ERR TX-DRP TX-OVR Flg
eth0             1460 21895816      0      0 0      22645756      0      0      0 BMPRU
lo              65536    44129      0      0 0         44129      0      0      0 LRU

Finally, if you want to enable promiscuous mode, run one of these commands.

sudo ip link set eth0 promisc on
ifconfig eth0 promisc

To disable, use ifconfig.

ifconfig eth0 -promisc