cloud engineer
Here’s how to install a LAMP server on the latest Ubuntu 20.04 LTS.
Install Apache.
apt install apache2
systemctl status apache2
systemctl is-enabled apache2 |
Install MariaDB.
apt install mariadb-server mariadb-client
systemctl status mariadb
systemctl is-enabled mariadb
mysql_secure_installation |
Install PHP.
apt install php libapache2-mod-php php-mysql
systemctl restart apache2 |
Enable ssl and mod_rewrite.
a2enmod ssl a2enmod rewrite systemctl restart apache2 |
Here’s how to find if clients are connected to Apache or Nginx service.
netstat -tn src: 80 netstat -tn src: 443 |
Here’s a standard template for SSL Apache found in /etc/apache2/sites-available/default-ssl.conf.
<IfModule mod_ssl.c> <VirtualHost _default_:443> ServerAdmin your-email@your-domain.com ServerName www.yourdomain.com ServerName yourdomain.com DocumentRoot /var/www/your-domain.com ErrorLog /var/www/your-domain.com/log/error.log CustomLog /var/www/your-domain.com/log/access.log combined <Directory /var/www/your-domain.com> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride All Require all granted </Directory> SSLCertificateFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/your-domain.com/fullchain.pem SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/your-domain.com/privkey.pem Include /etc/letsencrypt/options-ssl-apache.conf </VirtualHost> </IfModule> |
Enable SSL.
# Enable SSL Module a2enmod ssl systemctl restart apache2.service # Enable SSL Apache Config a2ensite default-ssl systemctl restart apache2.service # Alternate way to restart. service apache2 restart |
Here’s a couple of things you can do to check if WordPress permalinks is not working.
chmod 664 /var/www/domain.com/.htaccess a2enmod rewrite systemctl restart apache2 |
Here’s a quick script to stand up a web server based on Centos image.
gcloud compute instances create [VM-NAME] \ --zone=[ZONE] \ --image-family=debian-9 \ --image-project=debian-cloud \ --tags=allow-ssh,allow-health-check \ --subnet=lb-subnet \ --metadata=startup-script='#! /bin/bash apt-get update apt-get install apache2 -y a2ensite default-ssl a2enmod ssl vm_hostname="$(curl -H "Metadata-Flavor:Google" \ http://169.254.169.254/computeMetadata/v1/instance/name)" echo "Page served from: $vm_hostname" | \ tee /var/www/html/index.html systemctl restart apache2' |
This Docker image contains Apache (httpd), a web server.
Here’s the Dockerfile.
FROM httpd:2.4 COPY ./public-html/ /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/ |
Build and run your Docker image.
docker build -t my-app . docker run -dit --name my-running-app -p 8080:80 my-app |
Visit http://localhost:8080 to view your app.
If you switched to HTTPS in Apache, make sure to update CodeIgniter’s config file.
vim /var/www/applications/config/config.php |
Change the base URL to https.
$config['base_url'] = 'https://yourdomain.com/ci/'; |
Where’s Apache and webroot for the different distros?
Webroot:
# Redhat, Fedora, Centos, Amazon Linux /var/www/html # Debian, Ubuntu, Mint /var/www/html |
Apache Configuration:
# Redhat, Fedora, Centos, Amazon Linux /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf # Debian, Ubuntu, Mint /etc/apache2/sites-available/default |
Apache comes with a logrotate utility. You can customize the way logrotate behaves by editing the /etc/logrotate.d/apache file. The logrotate utility has many options. In this example, we are rotating the log files that are located at the /var/www/domain.com/log/ directory. We are instructing the log files to rotate monthly for a total of 24 times. We are compressing the files by zipping them. We are using the date extension as part of the filename. We are also delaying the compression until the log has been rotated at least twice. Finally, Apache is restarted.
$ sudo nano /etc/logrotate.d/apache /var/www/domain.com/*.log { monthly missingok rotate 24 dateext compress delaycompress notifempty create 640 root adm sharedscripts postrotate if /etc/init.d/apache2 status > /dev/null ; then \ /etc/init.d/apache2 reload > /dev/null; \ fi; endscript prerotate if [ -d /etc/logrotate.d/httpd-prerotate ]; then \ run-parts /etc/logrotate.d/httpd-prerotate; \ fi; \ endscript } |
To learn more about the logrotate utility, please visit the documentation.
To find out what version of Apache running on your server, type the following.
Ubuntu-based distros
apache2 -V |
Debian-based distros
apachectl -V |
Redhat-based distros
httpd -V |