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cloud engineer

apache

Wiki SSL Certificate Location

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Here’s where the Wiki keeps its SSL certificate keys.

/etc/pki/tls/certs/yourdomain.crt
/etc/pki/tls/private/yourdomain.key

In some cases, SSL needs to be converted so it doesn’t prompt you for a password if you restart Apache.

Conversion

openssl rsa -in /etc/pki/tls/private/yourdomain.key.new -out /etc/pki/tls/private/yourdomain.key.new_no_pass

Create Local Yum Repo

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Here’s how to create a local yum repo.

Install Apache.

sudo yum install httpd
sudo systemctl start httpd
sudo systemctl enable httpd
sudo systemctl status httpd

Install the repo packages.

sudo yum install createrepo yum-utils

Create repo directories.

sudo mkdir /var/www/html/{baseos,extras,appstream,epel}

Sync the repos.

sudo yum reposync -p=/var/www/html --repoid=baseos --download-metadata
sudo yum reposync -p=/var/www/html --repoid=extras --download-metadata
sudo yum reposync -p=/var/www/html --repoid=appstream --download-metadata
sudo yum reposync -p=/var/www/html --repoid=epel --download-metadata

Create a new repo.

sudo createrepo /var/www/html/

Setup a local repo.

sudo nano /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo

Contents of local.repo.

local-base]
name=Yum Local Base
baseurl=http://10.10.0.20:80/base
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
[local-extras]
name=Yum Local Extras
baseurl=http://10.10.0.20:80/extras
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
[local-appstream]
name=Yum Local Appstream
baseurl=http://10.10.0.20:80/appstream
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
[local-epel]
name=Yum Local Epel
baseurl=http://10.10.0.20:80/epel
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0

Confirm new repo is in the repolist.

sudo yum repolist

Tomcat Install

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Tomcat requires JRE.

wget jre-8uversion-linux-x64.tar.gz
# or
apt-get install default-jdk

Install Tomcat 8 on Linux.

wget https://mirrors.gigenet.com/apache/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.66/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.66.tar.gz
tar zxpvf apache-tomcat-8.5.66.tar.gz
cd /opt/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.66/bin/
./startup.sh

Status|Start|Stop|Restart Tomcat.

systemctl status tomcat8
systemctl start tomcat8
systemctl stop tomcat8
systemctl restart tomcat8

Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Lamp Server

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Here’s how to install a LAMP server on the latest Ubuntu 20.04 LTS.

Install Apache.

apt install apache2
systemctl status apache2
systemctl is-enabled apache2

Install MariaDB.

apt install mariadb-server mariadb-client
systemctl status mariadb
systemctl is-enabled mariadb
mysql_secure_installation

Install PHP.

apt install php libapache2-mod-php php-mysql
systemctl restart apache2

Enable ssl and mod_rewrite.

a2enmod ssl
a2enmod rewrite
systemctl restart apache2

Standard SSL Policy

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Here’s a standard template for SSL Apache found in /etc/apache2/sites-available/default-ssl.conf.

<IfModule mod_ssl.c>
<VirtualHost _default_:443>
   ServerAdmin your-email@your-domain.com
   ServerName www.yourdomain.com
   ServerName yourdomain.com
   DocumentRoot /var/www/your-domain.com
   ErrorLog /var/www/your-domain.com/log/error.log
   CustomLog /var/www/your-domain.com/log/access.log combined
   <Directory /var/www/your-domain.com>
      Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
      AllowOverride All
      Require all granted
   </Directory>
   SSLCertificateFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/your-domain.com/fullchain.pem
   SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/your-domain.com/privkey.pem
   Include /etc/letsencrypt/options-ssl-apache.conf
</VirtualHost>
</IfModule>

Enable SSL.

# Enable SSL Module
a2enmod ssl
systemctl restart apache2.service
# Enable SSL Apache Config
a2ensite default-ssl
systemctl restart apache2.service
# Alternate way to restart.
service apache2 restart

WordPress Permalinks Not Working

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Here’s a couple of things you can do to check if WordPress permalinks is not working.

  1. Make sure .htaccess has the right permissions.
  2. Make sure a2enmod Apache module is enabled.
  3. Restart the Apache server.
chmod 664 /var/www/domain.com/.htaccess
a2enmod rewrite
systemctl restart apache2

GCP Web Server

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Here’s a quick script to stand up a web server based on Centos image.

gcloud compute instances create [VM-NAME] \
    --zone=[ZONE] \
    --image-family=debian-9 \
    --image-project=debian-cloud \
    --tags=allow-ssh,allow-health-check \
    --subnet=lb-subnet \
    --metadata=startup-script='#! /bin/bash
apt-get update
apt-get install apache2 -y
a2ensite default-ssl
a2enmod ssl
vm_hostname="$(curl -H "Metadata-Flavor:Google" \
http://169.254.169.254/computeMetadata/v1/instance/name)"
echo "Page served from: $vm_hostname" | \
tee /var/www/html/index.html
systemctl restart apache2'