Tag: bash

Elapse Time on Bash Script

Here’s a nice little Bash function in a script to display the elapse time. It’s a nice function for showing how long a process ran.

#!/bin/bash
# pass number of seconds as argument. 
# Example below calculates 1000s.
# elapse.sh 1000
function show_time () {
    num=$1
    min=0
    hour=0
    day=0
    if((num>59));then
        ((sec=num%60))
        ((num=num/60))
        if((num>59));then
            ((min=num%60))
            ((num=num/60))
            if((num>23));then
                ((hour=num%24))
                ((day=num/24))
            else
                ((hour=num))
            fi
        else
            ((min=num))
        fi
    else
        ((sec=num))
    fi
    echo "$day"d "$hour"h "$min"m "$sec"s
}
show_time $1

Run Shell Script From Your Website

Here’s how to run a shell script from your website. You’ll need 2 files.

Here’s the contents of foo.php. Wrap your output with ‘pre’ for better formatting.

<?php
$output = shell_exec('/var/www/html/bar.sh 2>&1');
echo "$output";

Here’s the content of bar.sh. Output will be displayed on web page.

#!/bin/bash
now="$(date +'%y%m%d')"
echo $now
aws s3 ls

MySQL Backup To S3 Bucket

Here’s my MySQL backup script to the S3 Bucket.

Just a couple of things about the script. It’s using …

  1. AWS CLI
  2. Mysqldump

They must be setup and configured to work properly.

#!/bin/bash
cd /root/database
TIMESTAMP=$(date +%Y-%m-%d)
S3FILE="s3://bucketname/sqlbackup/backup-$TIMESTAMP.sql"
/usr/bin/mysqldump dbname > dbname.sql
/usr/local/bin/aws s3 cp dbname.sql $S3FILE
sleep 3s
rm dbname.sql

Finally, set the S3 bucket with a 7 day retention. Backups older than 7 days are automatically deleted.

AWS LightSail Delete Snapshots

Here’s my script to delete AWS LightSail snapshots. It can delete daily or weekly backups and scheduled via crontab. If you want longer or shorter retention, adjust the expired value. It’s in seconds. 604800 is 1 week. 2592000 is 1 month.

#!/bin/bash
 
current=$(date +%s)
 
if [ $# -eq 0 ]; then
  exit 1
fi
 
if [[ $1 = 'daily' ]]; then
  prefix='daily'
  expired=$(($current-604800))
elif [[ $1 = 'weekly' ]]; then
  prefix='weekly'
  expired=$(($current-2592000))
else
  exit 1
fi
 
snaps='/root/snapshots/snapshots.json'
names='/root/snapshots/names.txt'
parse='/root/snapshots/parse.txt'
logfile='/root/snapshots/snapshots.log'
 
/usr/local/bin/aws lightsail get-instance-snapshots > $snaps
cat $snaps | jq -r '.instanceSnapshots[] | .name' > $names
cat $names | grep $prefix > $parse
 
while read -r line; do
 
  snapshot=$(echo $line | cut -d_ -f3)
  snapshotname=$line
 
  if [ `expr $snapshot + 1 2> /dev/null` ] ; then
 
    if [ $snapshot -le $expired ]; then
      echo 'Deleted: '$snapshotname >> $logfile
      /usr/local/bin/aws lightsail delete-instance-snapshot \
      --instance-snapshot-name $snapshotname
    else
      echo 'Nothing: '$snapshotname >> $logfile
    fi
 
  else
    echo $snapshot is not numeric > /dev/null
  fi
 
done < $parse
 
echo 'Current time: '$current >> $logfile
echo 'Expired time: '$expired >> $logfile
echo '-----------------------------------' >> $logfile

Schedule deletes via crontab.

# run daily at 5am
0 5 * * * /bin/bash /root/snapshots/delete-snapshot.sh daily 2>&1
# run weekly every sunday at 6am
0 6 * * 0 /bin/bash /root/snapshots/delete-snapshot.sh weekly 2>&1