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cloud engineer

disks

GCP Backup Instance

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Here’s the script to backup GCP disks.

#!/bin/bash
now=$(date +%s)
disks=$(gcloud compute disks list --project project-id --filter="users:instance" --format="value(name)")
for disk in $disks
do
  gcloud compute disks snapshot $disk \
  --snapshot-names=$disk-$now \
  --zone=us-central1-a \
  --project=project-id \
  --async
done

GCP List Disk Types

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To list all disk types available in your project in all regions. Result is truncated.

$ gcloud compute disk-types list
NAME         ZONE                       VALID_DISK_SIZES
pd-balanced                             10GB-65536GB
pd-ssd                                  10GB-65536GB
pd-standard                             200GB-65536GB
pd-balanced                             10GB-65536GB
...

To list a specific region, use the filter option.

$ gcloud compute disk-types list --filter="zone~'us-central1'"
NAME         ZONE           VALID_DISK_SIZES
pd-balanced  us-central1-a  10GB-65536GB
pd-extreme   us-central1-a  500GB-65536GB
pd-ssd       us-central1-a  10GB-65536GB
pd-standard  us-central1-a  10GB-65536GB
pd-balanced  us-central1-b  10GB-65536GB
pd-extreme   us-central1-b  500GB-65536GB
pd-ssd       us-central1-b  10GB-65536GB
pd-standard  us-central1-b  10GB-65536GB
pd-balanced  us-central1-c  10GB-65536GB
pd-extreme   us-central1-c  500GB-65536GB
pd-ssd       us-central1-c  10GB-65536GB
pd-standard  us-central1-c  10GB-65536GB
pd-balanced  us-central1-f  10GB-65536GB
pd-extreme   us-central1-f  500GB-65536GB
pd-ssd       us-central1-f  10GB-65536GB
pd-standard  us-central1-f  10GB-65536GB
pd-balanced  us-central1-d  10GB-65536GB
pd-extreme   us-central1-d  500GB-65536GB
pd-ssd       us-central1-d  10GB-65536GB
pd-standard  us-central1-d  10GB-65536GB

To a list a specific region and local SSDs only.

gcloud compute disk-types list --filter="zone~'us-central1' AND name~'local-'"
NAME       ZONE           VALID_DISK_SIZES
local-ssd  us-central1-a  375GB-375GB
local-ssd  us-central1-b  375GB-375GB
local-ssd  us-central1-c  375GB-375GB
local-ssd  us-central1-f  375GB-375GB
local-ssd  us-central1-d  375GB-375GB

GCP Display Device Names on OS

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In GCP console you can see the VM’s Device Names. In this case, it’s boot and persistent-disk-1.

Name		          Device name
server-boot               boot	
server-data               persistent-disk-1

To display the volume names on the OS, run this command.

$ ls -l /dev/disk/by-id
total 0
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root  9 Aug  2 01:12 google-boot -> ../../sda
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 Aug  2 01:12 google-boot-part1 -> ../../sda1
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root  9 Aug 18 18:48 google-persistent-disk-1 -> ../../sdb
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root  9 Aug  2 01:12 scsi-0Google_PersistentDisk_boot -> ../../sda
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 Aug  2 01:12 scsi-0Google_PersistentDisk_boot-part1 -> ../../sda1
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root  9 Aug 18 18:48 scsi-0Google_PersistentDisk_persistent-disk-1 -> ../../sdb

As you can see, boot and persistent-disk-1 are displayed along with its device names /dev/sda and /dev/sdb.

GCP Identify Your Disks

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Here’s how to identify your disks on the system to cross check with GCP Dashboard.

ls -l /dev/disk/by-id

Result:

[root@servername ~]# ls -l /dev/disk/by-id
total 0
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root  9 Sep 15 05:30 google-boot -> ../../sda
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 Sep 15 05:30 google-boot-part1 -> ../../sda1
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root  9 Sep 15 05:30 google-persistent-disk-1 -> ../../sdb
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root  9 Sep 15 05:30 scsi-0Google_PersistentDisk_boot -> ../../sda
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 Sep 15 05:30 scsi-0Google_PersistentDisk_boot-part1 -> ../../sda1
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root  9 Sep 15 05:30 scsi-0Google_PersistentDisk_persistent-disk-1 -> ../../sdb

GCP Disks Attach To An Instance

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Here’s how to display a list the disks attached to an instance.

gcloud compute instances describe instance-name \
--project project-id \
--zone us-central1-c \
--format='yaml(disks[].source)'

Extend Regional Persistent Disks

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Here’s the command to extend your regional persistent disks.

gcloud compute disks resize disk-name \
--size 100 \
--project project-id \
--region us-central1

Or you can specify by zone.

gcloud compute disks resize disk-name \
--size 100 \
--project project-id \
--zone us-central1-c

Display the updated disk details.

gcloud compute disks list \
--filter="name=disk-name" \
--project project-id

Although you’ve increased disk size, the file system doesn’t know the extra space. Run this (for XFS).

xfs_growfs /dev/sdb

GCP Move Instance to Another Project

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Here’s how to copy a disk from one project to another.

gcloud compute disks create lamp-server \
--source-snapshot https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/project-id/global/snapshots/lamp-server \
--project next-project-id \
--zone us-central1-a

Once all the disks are copied. You can create a snapshot of the boot.

gcloud compute disks snapshot lamp-server

Create an instance from snapshot.

gcloud compute disks create "hostname-boot" \
--project "project-id" \
--zone "us-central1-a" \
--source-snapshot "snapshot-name" \
--type "pd-standard" \
--size "100"