Uly.me

cloud engineer

LightSail Upstream Error 515

If you use LightSail, AWS provides an easy way for you to connect to LightSail instances via Web SSH. I normally use a terminal (ssh client) to connect to LightSail instances, but using Web SSH is very convenient. If you try to do an OS upgrade, for example from Ubuntu 18.04 LTS to Ubuntu 20.04 LTS, you will break Web SSH. AWS has added a special Web SSH configuration on LightSail base images. The error you’ll get is “Upstream Error 515.” The only way to fix this is to get AWS Support to help you apply the fix. It’s not a make or break it deal, but it can be a nuisance if you prefer to use AWS Web SSH instead of a terminal. If you need a more secure SSH connection, consider uploading your ssh-key to the server, and disable password login.

Linux Mint 20 Ulyana

I upgraded my desktop to Linux Mint 20 Ulyana over the weekend.

Edit your package repository. Replace tricia with ulyana, and bionic with focal.

vim /etc/apt/sources.list.d/official-package-repositories.list

Run update first.

apt update -y
apt upgrade -y

Perform upgrade to Linux Mint 20. When prompted, choose default.

apt dist-upgrade

Reboot.

reboot

cat /etc/os-release.

ulysses@penguin:~/Code$ cat /etc/os-release
NAME="Linux Mint"
VERSION="20 (Ulyana)"
ID=linuxmint
ID_LIKE=ubuntu
PRETTY_NAME="Linux Mint 20"
VERSION_ID="20"
HOME_URL="https://www.linuxmint.com/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://forums.ubuntu.com/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="http://linuxmint-troubleshooting-guide.readthedocs.io/en/latest/"
PRIVACY_POLICY_URL="https://www.linuxmint.com/"
VERSION_CODENAME=ulyana
UBUNTU_CODENAME=focal

Linux Script

The script command records all your keystrokes and output into a file called typescript.

You can start recording by simply typing script.

script
Script started, file is typescript
df -h
ls -l
exit

Typing exit stops the recording. Just cat typescript to see your recording.

cat typescript

PHP 7.0 to 7.4 Upgrade

Here are steps I took to upgrade from PHP 7.0 to 7.4 on Ubuntu 18.04 LTS.

Login as root, otherwise use sudo for all commands.

# use 3rd party ppa repo
add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php
apt -y update
apt -y upgrade
# install php-core
apt install php7.4 php7.4-common php7.4-cli
# add all the php extenstions your app needs
apt install php7.4-curl php7.4-json php7.4-gd php7.4-mbstring
apt install php7.4-intl php7.4-bcmath php7.4-bz2 php7.4-xml
apt install php7.4-readline php7.4-zip php7.4-mysql
# I'm using apache prefork MPM, so install it
apt install libapache2-mod-php7.4
a2enmod php7.4
# check version. Success!
php -v
# for good measure, reboot apache
systemctl restart apache2.service
# Finally, purge the old PHP versions
apt purge php7.0 libapache2-mod-php7.0

Finally, run update on more time to get all the latest updates.

apt -y update
apt -y upgrade
apt -y autoremove
apt-get --with-new-pkgs upgrade

AWS CLI V2

How to install AWS CLI version 2.

curl "https://awscli.amazonaws.com/awscli-exe-linux-x86_64.zip" -o "awscliv2.zip"
unzip awscliv2.zip
sudo ./aws/install